Reform of WTO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reform of WTO - Essay Example As tha paper declares a corporation that pollutes a river into which it discharges wastes will be made to clean it up and to compensate those who have been harmed. The cost of keeping the environment clean becomes a part of the production cost. This can be enforced when there is a global authority to regulate pollution. Without global environment protection welfare cannot be maximized. This essay stresses that unconstrained globalization is likely to lead to economic efficiencies. The ruling elite have to care about the overall welfare otherwise they will out-compete countries that provide minimal conditions for their workers. According to Herman Daly when world production shifts to countries that do the poorest jobs, it reduces the efficiency of global production. The fear is that rich countries would use high standards to keep goods out of the poor countries. Instituting global standards is the only way to prevent an equally inhuman form of uncontrolled global capital. Trade and politics should be independent of each other. Governments may trade with other countries even while disapproving of their regimes. The US has attacked China for its human rights record while it expanded its trade with China. At times though, many trade deals are done with the governments. Transnational corporations arrange with governments for oil exploration, to cut timer and to fish. Th ey thus accept the government’s rights to sell the resources that lie within its border.

Usefulness of Comfort Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Usefulness of Comfort Theory - Research Paper Example Further, the paper correlates the four contexts of comfort and integrates this into the larger comfort concept of the model. Other efforts have also been suggested on the relevance and applicability of the theory to the modern nursing practice, while pointing out limitation of the theory and offering suggestions for wider health care application of the theory. This paper sums up the discussions by highlighting the focus of comfort theory and relating it to its proposed modification so that it can enhance health care provision to larger healthcare framework and not just on nursing practitioners. According to Florence Nightingale, the primary concept of nursing is to place a patient in the best possible conditions for nature to act upon them. Virginia Henderson also defines nursing as the unique function of assisting individuals, either well or ill, in performing activities that contribute to enhance health, recovery, or peaceful death that the individual would perform without assistance if they had adequate will, strength, and knowledge. (Kolcaba, 2003) Moreover, these assistive functions are performed in a manner that enables the individual to gain rapid independence. According to research and studies in the past, majority of patients attest to provision of care with kindness by most nurses. The relationship between nursing care and comfor t dates back to the early 1900s with the central focus on moral imperative. By 1903s, specialists in the nursing field perceived comfort as a strategy for attaining aspects of nursing care. By 1960s, comfort was a minor goal in nursing care, as physical aspects were dominant while emotional comfort was gaining importance. In 1990, Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory was fully dominant, with emphasis on childbirth pain, pain management, and palliative care and end of life (Kolcaba, 2003). Conditions in the nursing care sector such as loss and suffering of patients with complex medical care, pain scores of 10/10 even with increase in medication, and personal frustration and inability to change the situation contributed to the adoption of comfort as the foundation of nursing care. There exists universal consensus among the health practitioners that nurses’ role entirely should focus on caring for the patients and making them feel comfortable. Comfort for patient’s forms the d iscussions that Katherine Kolcaba anchors her discussions on Comfort Theory of Nursing. This theory sets out new paradigms in the nursing sector providing new insights into nursing as a profession and expectation of patients when being cared for by nurses. The Comfort Theory: Background From a bibliographical perspective, Kolcaba traces her childhood days to Ohio where she had always wanted to pursue nursing. To actualize her dreams, she took up a volunteering nursing job at Candy stripper at tender age of 14 to gain insights into the nursing profession. Her nursing education traces back to St. Luke’s Hospital School of Nursing and Case Western Reserve University being the first Registered nurse for a Master’s degree with special interest in gerontology in 1975. It is during her post graduate studies